Difference in Characteristic of Beetroot (Beta Vulgaris L.) Biomass through Microfiltration Technique to Prevent Natural Infection

Abstract

: Fermentation of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) by using Kombucha culture produces biomass as a source of polyphenol, particularly betacyanins having potential use as prevention of natural infection. This experiment activity aims to find out separation optimization of beetroot biomass through microfiltration (MF) technique and characteristic of retentate and permeate as a result of MF on composition, monomer domination of polyphenol and betacyanin compounds, particle size distribution, and ability of anti-bacteria to prevent natural infection on Staphylococcus aureus Ina CC-B4 and Escherichia coli Ina CC-B5. Separation was conducted at room temperature, strirrer rotation speed (SRS) 200, 300 and 400 rpm, and fixed transmembrane pressure (TMP) 40 psia. Result of experiment work showed that based on betacyanin, the best treatment is achieved at SRS 300 rpm yielding retentate and permeate with composition of betacyanin of 0.31 and 0.16 µg/mL, total polyphenol of 0.55 and 0.37%, total acids 1.00 and 0.72%, reducing sugars 16.33 and 28.97 mg/mL, total solids 10.05 and 9.38%, dissolved protein 18.50 and 24.35 mg/mL, particle size 3002.4 and 1962.0 nm, particle index 0.468 and 0.370, respectively. Identificaion on betacyanin and gallic acid monomers as total polyphenol at retentate is dominated by monomer with molecular weight (MW) 551.13, 551.53, and 171.02, 171.24 and 171.76 Dalton (Da.), meanwhile permeate is dominated by monomer with MW 551.16 and 171.23, 171.72 Da. and relative intensities 100%, respectively. Ability to inhibit the growth of bacteria of Staphylococcus aureus Ina CC-B4 and Escherichia coli Ina CC-B5 is achieved by retentate with zone area of inhibiting 11 and 10 mm, respectively. In this optimum condition, MF membrane technique was able to retain betacyanin and total polyphenol as anti-bacteria compounds in retentate with 416% (4.16-folds) and 83.33% and pass them in permeate 166% (1.67-folds) and 23.33% compared to prior to process (feed).