Dağıstan’dan Bursa’ya Göç Eden Mutasavvıf Ebû Muhammed Medenî ve Tasavvuf Anlayışı

Abstract

In this study, the focus is on Abu Muhammad al-Madani bin Osman Daghistani (d. 1332/1913), a Sufi who migrated from Daghistan to Bursa due to the increasing Russian occupation in the North Caucasus, beginning in the second half of the 19th century. Within this scope, the hagiographies and Sufi perspectives of al-Madani will be explored. The saints of Bursa had a profound spiritual impact on Ottoman history. Bursa, a center where many significant saints resided and exerted their influence, was considered the spiritual capital of the Ottoman Empire for approximately two centuries before Istanbul. Sufis who migrated from Daghistan to Bursa and the notable individuals they nurtured became renowned not only in the late Ottoman period but also in the Republic era, leaving their mark on Turkey and the world. These figures include al-Madani, Sharafaddin Zaynal Abidin Daghistani, and Abdullah Daghistani. Gaining a better understanding of al-Madani and his Sufi perspective sheds light on the Sufi understanding and history of that era. This study aims to meticulously examine the life, hagiographies, and Sufi perspectives of al-Madani, one of the Sufis who migrated from the North Caucasus to Bursa. The migration process of al-Madani and his family from Daghistan to Bursa, their dissemination of Sufi teachings in Bursa, and their impact on Ottoman society form the focal point of the research. Ottoman archival records, hagiographies, letters, research articles, books, and other data sources have been compiled to thoroughly examine the lives, migration processes, Sufi teachings, and impacts of these Sufis in detail. By considering the social and cultural context of al-Madani's time, efforts have been made to comprehend the spiritual values and influence he contributed to the Ottoman Empire and Turkey. It's observed that al-Madani engaged in conflict with the Russians during his youth. His struggle extended as far as Siberia and continued until he migrated to Turkey. He played a role in leading Caucasian immigrants to settle in the area between today's Yalova and Orhangazi, where the present-day Güney village is situated. It's known that al-Madani authored a work titled "Ya Veledi," which delves into the intricacies of the Naqshbandi Order. A branch of the Naqshbandi Order led by al-Madani was transplanted from Daghistan to Turkey. The influence of the disciples trained by al-Madani and his successor, Sharafatddin Zaynal Abidin Daqhistani, continues to be felt up to the present day. Abdullah Daqhistani and Hacı Ihsan Tamgüney are among these figures.