Alternative Revenues (Non-Oil) And Their Impact On The General Budget Using The Logarithmic Function

Abstract

The researchers aim to analyze the reality of non-oil revenues and ways to enhance them to support the federal budget, as well as the possibility of the state adopting economic policies to revive the economic sectors (industrial, agricultural, tourism, taxes, border crossings ... etc.). Also, to estimate the relationship between the variables of the study, Distributed self-deceleration (ARDL) methodology was adopted as one of the models for predicting the functional relationship between revenues and their impact on the federal budget. Moreover, the logarithmic function estimates the relationship between the budget deficit and other revenues. Economic development plans that sought to diversify the public revenue outlets, and the existence of a permanent deficit in the items of the federal budget during the years of study, as well as the existence of a long-term functional relationship between total revenues, oil revenues, and revenues generated from the tax, while the second estimated model proved the insignificance of the relationship between revenues resulting from fees, border crossings, the tourism sector, and the federal budget deficit. This study has reached several important recommendations, which are: the need to develop correct development plans and seek to implement those plans, to find revenue outlets to support the federal budget, and to direct part of the revenues generated from selling oil toward supporting various economic sectors, adopting a zero-based budget as an alternative to balancing items. These recommendations will allow Iraq to cancel or reduce allocations for Stalled and stalled projects.