THE USE OF CATIONEXCHANGERSF-5 IN THE PRACTICE OF INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER PURIFICATION FROM ZINC AND CADMIUM IONS

Abstract

An urgent task of ecology is the rational use of water resources. The article considers the extraction of zinc and cadmium from wastewater using SF-5 cation exchanger. The bulk of zinc migrates through the hydrosphere. The accumulation of heavy metals along the food chain is an environmental problem for the Tyumen region. Monitoring of the condition of reservoirs showed a doubling of the zinc ion content. This scientific work examines the processes of sorption and desorption of cadmium and zinc ions on the industrial sorbent SF-5, as well as ways to intensify the extraction process. The sorption and desorption process was carried out under dynamic conditions. The exchange capacities were evaluated, which showed that with an increase in the content of hydrochloric acid, the sorption of metals decreases. The depth of extraction of metal ions from solutions with an acidic medium is determined. The obtained experimental data on sorption showed a complication of ion exchange by the processes of complexation of ionogenic groups with zinc and cadmium cations. Desorption and regeneration of cationite was carried out with hydrochloric and sulfuric acid, as well as ammonium salts of these acids. The sorption results were used to calculate the contact area of the cationite with the waste water flow. The relationship between the sorption and desorption processes is shown.The article proposes the calculation of the necessary equipment for wastewater treatment, the ion exchange capacity of cationite under various conditions is estimated, the conditions for desorption of impurities and regeneration of cationite are given. Calculations have shown that 6 ion exchange columns will be required to purify a given amount of wastewater up to MPC. The conducted studies have shown effective removal of zinc and cadmium ions using SF-5 cationite.