CHAPTER 8. From Lithium to Sodium and Potassium Batteries

Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries have the highest volumetric and gravimetric energy densities among the available rechargeable batteries, hence they are the prime choice of power source in numerous portable devices. It is expected that there will be tremendous growth in electric vehicles and electrical energy storage in the future. Employing Li-ion batteries on a large scale may strain the lithium supply due to geopolitical constraints and the lower abundance of lithium resources in the Earth's crust. Therefore, sustainable and low-cost alternate energy storage systems are necessary. In this chapter, the prospects for alternate energy storage systems are reviewed for sustainable/green energy in the future along with research progress in the field of sodium- and potassium-ion batteries.