Gender and Environmental Governance for Disaster Risk Reduction in Jamaica

Abstract

In 2019, the mid-term evaluation was due for the Comprehensive Disaster Management (CDM) Strategy and Programming Framework 2014–2024 in the Caribbean. This environmental governance framework is an agreed consensus to achieve disaster risk reduction (DRR) in the Caribbean region and it aligns with Jamaica’s Vision 2030 National Development Plan. The Office of Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Management (ODPEM) and the Disaster Risk Reduction Centre (DRRC) are two of the leading organisations in Jamaica implementing DRR projects at the national level within the CDM Framework. However, the gender components of the various projects are almost invisible, although the framework indicates gender mainstreaming is a priority. The framework recommends a gender analysis of all projects implemented as a strategy to disaster risk reduction. Based on this recommendation, gender analysis was conducted on available projects of the ODPEM and DRRC. This chapter is guided by the gender equality principles of social justice, commitment, partnership and citizens’ participation. Two methods of research were employed, namely, a desk review of the literature, government and organisations’ official documents and interviews with DRR specialists. Qualitative data were collected and analysed using content analysis and pattern matching. The findings include best practices for an inclusive disaster preparedness, response, recovery and mitigation based on gender considerations. Gender-specific gaps were identified between the framework and actual implementation. Recommendations were put forward for a more effective gender mainstreaming in the governance and implementation of DRR in Jamaica, which may also be applicable to other small island developing states (SIDS). These findings could contribute to the Monitoring and Evaluation Reporting Framework, which is an integral component of the CDM Strategy and Programming Framework 2014–2024.