Slavoj Žižek

Jamil Khader
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Abstract

Slavoj Žižek was born on March 21, 1949, in Ljubljana, Slovenia, in the former Yugoslavia. Žižek studied philosophy and sociology as an undergraduate student and completed a master of arts degree in philosophy in 1975 at the University of Ljubljana, writing a 400-page thesis on French structuralism. In 1981, he earned his first doctor of arts degree in philosophy, writing his dissertation on German idealism. Four years later, Žižek successfully defended his second doctoral dissertation titled, “Philosophy Between the Symptom and the Fantasy,” a Lacanian reading of Hegel, Marx, and Kripke, which he completed under the direction of Lacan’s son in law, Jacques-Alain Miller, in Paris. Žižek is one of the most prominent members of the Ljubljana Lacanian School, a group of theorists who have been affiliated with the Society for Theoretical Psychoanalysis in Ljubljana since the 1970s. Žižek also cofounded the Liberal Democratic Party in Slovenia and ran as its candidate in the first multiparty presidential elections in the country in 1990, narrowly missing office. Later, he completely broke with Slovene public space and became engaged in global radical Leftist politics. He is currently a researcher in the Department of Philosophy at the University of Ljubljana; the International Director of the Birkbeck Institute for the Humanities in London; Eminent Scholar at the Kyung Hee University, Seoul; returning faculty member of the European Graduate School; and visiting professor at the German Department of New York University. Since 1991 he has also held visiting positions at different universities in the United States and United Kingdom. He is also the editor of three major book series, including WO ES WAR, Short Circuits, and SIC Series. In 2012, Foreign Policy listed Žižek as one of its top influential 100 global thinkers, and in 2018 he was awarded the Gold Medal of the Círculo de Bellas Artes (Madrid, Spain). Ever since the publication of his first book in English, The Sublime Object of Ideology, in 1989, Žižek has become known as one of the most provocative and innovative philosophers in the world. Žižek has developed a challenging dialectical materialist philosophical system that appropriates the late Lacan to reload and retrieve Hegel through Marxism, Christianity, and quantum physics in order to describe the structure of reality (ontology) and to articulate the basis for collective revolutionary change through a wide range of cultural, folkloric (jokes), literary, religious, political, scientific, and philosophical references. Žižek has published extensively, almost a monograph a year, on a wide range of topics, and has been engaged in many debates and controversies that attest to his commitment to reformulating the questions that philosophers, psychoanalysts, political scientists, activists, and the general public have been asking about common everyday notions about reality and its relationship to the subject. Žižek has consequently established a phenomenal presence in the lecture circuits, online, and in the media that has made him a household name and one of the most iconic international public figures and philosophers in the world.
斯拉沃伊Žižek 1949年3月21日出生于前南斯拉夫斯洛文尼亚的卢布尔雅那。Žižek本科时学习哲学和社会学,1975年在卢布尔雅那大学(University of Ljubljana)获得哲学硕士学位,写了一篇关于法国结构主义的400页论文。1981年,他获得了第一个哲学博士学位,写了一篇关于德国理想主义的论文。四年后,Žižek成功地为他的第二篇博士论文辩护,题为“症状与幻想之间的哲学”,这是拉康对黑格尔、马克思和克里普克的解读,他在拉康的女婿雅克-阿兰·米勒的指导下在巴黎完成的。Žižek是卢布尔雅那拉康学派最杰出的成员之一,这是一群理论家,自20世纪70年代以来一直隶属于卢布尔雅那的理论精神分析学会。Žižek还在斯洛文尼亚共同创立了自由民主党,并作为该党候选人参加了1990年该国第一次多党总统选举,差一点当选。后来,他彻底脱离了斯洛文尼亚的公共空间,投身于全球激进左派政治。他目前是卢布尔雅那大学哲学系研究员;伦敦伯克贝克人文学院国际主任;首尔庆熙大学杰出学者;欧洲研究生院的归国教员;纽约大学德语系客座教授。自1991年以来,他还在美国和英国的不同大学担任访问职位。他也是三个主要丛书系列的编辑,包括WO ES WAR, Short Circuits和SIC series。2012年,《外交政策》将Žižek列为全球最具影响力的100位思想家之一。2018年,他被授予Círculo de Bellas Artes(西班牙马德里)金奖。自从他的第一本英文书《意识形态的崇高目标》于1989年出版以来,Žižek已经成为世界上最具挑衅性和创新性的哲学家之一。Žižek已经发展了一个具有挑战性的辩证唯物主义哲学体系,它通过马克思主义、基督教和量子物理学来重新装载和检索黑格尔,以描述现实的结构(本体论),并通过广泛的文化、民俗(笑话)、文学、宗教、政治、科学和哲学参考来阐明集体革命变革的基础。Žižek广泛发表,几乎每年出版一本专著,涉及广泛的主题,并参与了许多辩论和争议,这些辩论和争议证明了他致力于重新制定哲学家,精神分析学家,政治学家,活动家和公众一直在询问关于现实及其与主题的关系的常见日常概念的问题。Žižek因此在巡回演讲、网络和媒体上建立了非凡的存在,使他成为家喻户晓的名字,成为世界上最具代表性的国际公众人物和哲学家之一。
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