What Is Tsunami Earthquake?

T. Ebisuzaki
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引用次数: 6

Abstract

A tsunami earthquake is defined as an earthquake which induces abnormally strong tsunami waves compared with its seismic magnitude (Kanamori 1972; Kanamori and Anderson 1975; Tanioka and Seno 2001). We investigate the possibility that the surface waves (Rayleigh, Love, and tsunami waves) in tsunami earthquakes are amplified by secondly submarine landslides, induced by the liquefaction of the sea floor due to the strong vibrations of the earthquakes. As pointed by Kanamori (2004), tsunami earthquakes are significantly stronger in longer waves than 100 s and low in radiation efficiencies of seismic waves by one or two order of magnitudes. These natures are in favor of a significant contribution of landslides. The landslides can generate seismic waves with longer period with lower efficiency than the tectonic fault motions (Kanamori et al 1980; Eissler and Kanamori 1987; Hasegawa and Kanamori 1987). We further investigate the distribution of the tsunami earthquakes and found that most of their epicenters are located at the steep slopes in the landward side of the trenches or around volcanic islands, where the soft sediments layers from the landmass are nearly critical against slope failures. This distribution suggests that the secondly landslides may contribute to the tsunami earthquakes. In the present paper, we will investigate the rapture processes determined by the inversion analysis of seismic surface waves of tsunami earthquakes can be explained by massive landslides, simultaneously triggered by earthquakes in the tsunami earthquakes which took place near the trenches.
什么是海啸地震?
海啸地震被定义为与地震震级相比引起异常强烈的海啸波的地震(Kanamori 1972;金森和安德森1975;Tanioka and Seno 2001)。我们研究了海啸地震的表面波(瑞利波、洛夫波和海啸波)被第二次海底滑坡放大的可能性,这种滑坡是由地震强烈振动引起的海底液化引起的。正如Kanamori(2004)所指出的,海啸地震在100秒以上的长波中明显更强,地震波的辐射效率低一到两个数量级。这些性质有利于山体滑坡的重大贡献。与构造断层运动相比,滑坡可产生周期较长但效率较低的地震波(Kanamori et al . 1980;Eissler and Kanamori 1987;Hasegawa and Kanamori 1987)。我们进一步研究了海啸地震的分布,发现它们的震中大多位于海沟向陆侧的陡坡上或火山岛周围,在那里,来自大陆块的软沉积层几乎是防止斜坡破坏的关键。这种分布表明,第二次滑坡可能对海啸地震有贡献。在本文中,我们将研究海啸地震的地震表面波反演分析所确定的毁灭过程,它可以用海啸地震中发生在海沟附近的地震同时引发的大规模滑坡来解释。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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