Energy aware routing in WSN for pest detection in coffee plantation

Abstract

Coffee production stands crucial asset in growing the economy of varied countries. The serious impact to the coffee plantation is due to the pest named Coffee White Stem Borer (CWSB). CWSB once enters into coffee stem, it bores inside and does not reveal its existence till the plant completely collapses. Current manual methods to identify and reduce the damage to coffee plantation fail to arrest CWSB attacks. We propose a novel idea of arresting the growth of CWSB to enhance coffee productivity by means of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). WSN deployed in the coffee field covers all the stems of coffee plants and if CWSB is detected, it transmits such information to a nodal center so that necessary measures could be taken to reduce the further growth of the pest. In this paper, we propose an Energy aware Routing in WSN for Pest Detection (ERWPD) for transmitting the information of CWSB existence in the Coffee Arabica plants through Cluster-Heads (CHs) to the sink node (a nodal center). The CH aggregates the data received from the primary nodes and forwards it by establishing routes to the sink. Route establishment takes place by flooding of Route REQuest packets (RREQ) and creating Route REPly packet (RREP) at the sink node. Energy conservation is achieved by reducing the number of control packets required for route establishment. The simulation analysis of ERWPD illustrates better packet delivery ratio, lower delays and overheads in comparison to Data Routing In-Network Aggregation (DRINA).