Optimization Based Methodology for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Dedicated Internal Combustion Engine Design

Abstract

This paper introduces a novel methodology for the design and sizing of the internal combustion engines (ICE) of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) for heavy duty application. A mathematical modeling of a reference engine static efficiency and maximum torque is chosen from the literature and then parametric transformations are performed to explore alternative engine designs. A coupled optimization problem is formulated as a bi-level form with powertrain optimal energy management in the inner loop and exhaustive evaluation of ICE designs in the outer loop. The results show potential fuel reduction of 1.7% on long-haul delivery cycle and offer specifications for further detailed engine development.