Control of electricity consumption regimes of producers consumers

Abstract

The article investigates models and methods of complex control of power consumption modes. It is shown that the power shortage during peak hours makes it difficult to maintain a balance between generation and consumption capacity, which led to the need to impose restrictions on the electrical load of industrial consumers and the development of methods and tools to control power consumption. Moreover, the tasks of controlling the modes of active power consumption and reactive power compensation are closely related. It is shown that the following methods of power consumption management are currently known: instantaneous rate; at the ideal rate; management on the forecast value; control with the use of average power on a moving time interval ("moving window" method). Optimal control of power consumption system modes and reactive power modes for the relevant control period is based on the use of operational forecasting methods. Studies have shown that a positive role in improving the efficiency of optimization of power consumption modes can play and influencing its level of voltage control in the power supply system. In this regard, it is advisable to move to a comprehensive solution to the problem of power management, both through the management of consumers - regulators, and the impact on the voltage regimes of the power supply system. Static characteristics of changes in active and reactive powers from voltage changes in the power supply system are given. Solving the problem of obtaining static characteristics is possible as a result of active experiments; or based on the integration of static characteristics of individual electrical receivers. Focus on the second way is advisable with a limited number of different types of electrical receivers. However, in any case, it is necessary to determine the static characteristics of individual large consumers - regulators, disabling or enabling which can significantly affect the integrated static characteristics of the power supply. An approach to integrated management of power consumption modes is proposed, which consists in the fact that from the beginning of the controlled interval periodically formed real values of active and reactive electricity consumption, as well as voltage values at the controlled point of the network. Then the forecast of active and reactive energy consumption to the end of the controlled interval and the forecast of the average voltage level is determined, the deviation between the forecast and set power consumption is determined and, if the forecast value of power consumption exceeds the set. At the same time determine the possible changes in reactive power and, if necessary, control the capacitor banks. Experimental studies of the considered models are carried out. The structural scheme of the system of complex control and management of power consumption modes is given.