AN ANALYTICAL STUDY FOR EGYPTIAN AGRICULTURAL FOREIGN TRADE UNDER BILATERAL AGREEMENT AND INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC BLOCS

Abstract

Foreign trade is one of the most vital sectors in any society because of its importance in linking countries and societies with each other, in addition to considering it a fundamental indicator of the country's productive capacity and competitiveness in the international market. The problem of the study is that the emergence and spread of international economic blocs and bilateral agreements may lead to the creation of trade movements with some blocs or countries at the expense of economic blocs or other countries. This study came in five chapters, where the first chapter dealt with the study problem, its objective, the results of the study, the data sources and the research method used, as well as the reference review of the most important studies, research and scientific messages related to the subject of the study. The theoretical framework of the research was covered inthe second chapter, where the concept of economic integration, its foundations and conditions, its advantages and problems related to it was addressed, as well as the emergence of economic blocs and the stages of economic integration, in addition to a review of some models of blocs and bilateral agreements with which Egypt is linked. The third chapter deals with the current situation of the total Egyptian foreign trade by studying the time evolution of both exports and imports of the Egyptian college as well as the Egyptian trade balance during the period 2000-2016. The chapter also dealt with the temporal development of both Egyptian agricultural exports and imports as well as the Egyptian agricultural balance. This chapter also deals with some indicators of the efficiency of total and agricultural foreign trade, such as the rate of import coverage of exports, the average degree of economic exposure, and the average degree of economic participation in total foreign trade. As for the fourth and fifth chapter, it dealt with the evaluation of the effects of the Egyptian partnership on economic blocs and bilateral agreements on Egyptian agricultural foreign trade, especially the four most important export crops and the three most important import crops, and through this evaluation that economic blocs and bilateral agreements led to an increase in the volume of trade exchange between Egypt and Egypt. Countries that share economic blocs or bilateral agreements with Egypt, and the study recommended the need to pay attention to Egypt's participation in economic blocs such as the ASEAN bloc in Southeast Asia, and the study also recommends establishing new bilateral agreements with some countries such as the Russian Federation due to the huge volume of trade exchange between the two countries.