Clinico pathological study of Odontogenic cysts and tumors in a Tertiary care Dental hospital of Nepal

D. Bajracharya, B. Ojha, S. Koju, N. Maharjan
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Abstract

Background: Diagnosis of odontogenic cysts and tumours requires detailed clinical, radiographical, and histopathological findings. Fourth edition WHO 2017, classification of Head and Neck lesions, reclassified odontogenic cysts and tumours. Objectives: To know relative frequency of odontogenic cysts and tumours according to WHO 2017 classification and to know their clinico-pathological characteristics in selected population of Nepal. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was done in 163 biopsies. Data were obtained conveniently from records of patients diagnosed with odontogenic cysts and tumours from April 2014-2021. Cases with complete clinical details were included whereas non-odontogenic cysts, oral soft tissue, and salivary gland lesions were excluded. Reclassification according to WHO 2017 classification was done. Age, gender, site, clinical presentations, and histological type were analysed using SPSS v.21. Results: In total of 163 biopsies, 120 (73.62%) cases were of odontogenic cysts and 43 (26.38%) cases were of odontogenic tumours. The mean age of occurrence for cysts was 33.35 ± 16.67 years and for tumours was 28.91 ± 13.96 years. Radicular cyst (49/120, 40.83%) and conventional ameloblastoma (23/43 53.48%) were the commonest cysts and tumours. Male (67/120, 55.83%) and female (24/43, 55.81%) predisposition was seen in cysts and tumours. Mandibular middle and posterior region were commonly affected in both cysts (58/162, 35.8%) and tumours (38/53, 71.7%). Conclusion: Increased frequency of radicular cysts and conventional ameloblastoma were appreciated with male predisposition in tumours and female predisposition in cysts. Both cysts and tumours were common in second to third decade of life affecting middle and posterior region of mandible.
尼泊尔一家三级牙科医院牙源性囊肿和肿瘤的临床病理研究
背景:牙源性囊肿和肿瘤的诊断需要详细的临床、影像学和组织病理学结果。世卫组织2017年第四版,头颈部病变分类,重新分类牙源性囊肿和肿瘤。目的:根据WHO 2017年牙源性囊肿和肿瘤分类,了解尼泊尔部分人群牙源性囊肿和肿瘤的相对发病频率,并了解其临床病理特征。方法:对163例活检进行分析性横断面研究。从2014年4月至2021年4月诊断为牙源性囊肿和肿瘤的患者记录中方便地获得数据。病例包括完整的临床细节,而非牙源性囊肿,口腔软组织和唾液腺病变被排除在外。根据世界卫生组织2017年分类进行了重新分类。使用SPSS v.21分析年龄、性别、部位、临床表现和组织学类型。结果:163例活组织检查,牙源性囊肿120例(73.62%),牙源性肿瘤43例(26.38%)。囊肿的平均发病年龄为33.35±16.67岁,肿瘤的平均发病年龄为28.91±13.96岁。根状囊肿(49/120,40.83%)和常规成釉细胞瘤(23/43,53.48%)是最常见的囊肿和肿瘤。男性(67/120,55.83%)和女性(24/43,55.81%)易患囊肿和肿瘤。下颌骨中后区囊肿(58/162,35.8%)和肿瘤(38/53,71.7%)均为常见病变。结论:根状囊肿和常规成釉细胞瘤发病率增高,男性易患肿瘤,女性易患囊肿。囊肿和肿瘤常见于生命的第二至第三个十年,影响下颌中后区。
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