Peranan Vaksinasi Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Sebagai Penatalaksanaan Pada Penderita Infeksi Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Bagian 1: Manifestasi Infeksi HIV Dan HPV

Abstract

Human papillomavirus (HPV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) both comprise global problems as these infections are widespread around the world and interplay with each other. HPV has many serotypes and it is known that serotypes 16 and 18 are the most common cause of cervical cancer. Cancer itself has been known to be strongly correlated to the host immune status. It is known that HPV infection indicates that the infected individuals are at risk of other sexually transmitted infections including HIV whilst HIV infection may increase the chance of someone to contract HPV and may propagate the HPV-related complication such as cancer. While there is no HIV vaccination yet in the market, HPV vaccination has become the norm to effectively prevent the acquisition of this virus. There are three available vaccine types in the market; the bivalent vaccine for HPV 16 and 18, the quadrivalent vaccine for HPV 6, 11, 16 and 18, and the most recent one the nonavalent vaccine for 9 different serotypes of the virus. Recent guidelines have recommended the use of HPV vaccines for HIV infected individuals both for the prevention of HPV infection and for the suppression of the increased HPV-related cancer incidence.