Understanding the Adversary: Strategic Empathy and Perspective Taking in National Security

A. Abbe
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Abstract

National security practitioners need to understand the motives, mindsets, and intentions of adversaries to anticipate and respond to their actions effectively. Although some authors have argued empathy helps build an understanding of the adversary, research points to its cognitive component of perspective taking as the more appropriate skill for national security practitioners to have. This article synthesizes previous research on the development and application of perspective taking in analysis and decision making and recommends four ways strategists and practitioners can enhance their ability to gain insight into adversaries.
理解对手:国家安全中的战略移情和视角
国家安全从业人员需要了解对手的动机、心态和意图,以便有效地预测和应对他们的行动。尽管一些作者认为移情有助于建立对对手的理解,但研究指出,对国家安全从业人员来说,移情的认知成分是更合适的技能。本文综合了以往在分析和决策中透视法的发展和应用方面的研究,并推荐了战略家和实践者提高他们洞察对手能力的四种方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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