Analysis and simulation of a system connecting batteries of an electric vehicle to the electric grid

Abstract

The development of electric chains of plug-in vehicles can be carried out considering several and distinct aspects, resulting in many different solutions. One approach is to study the battery-power converter-electric machine chain for different types of batteries and electric machines, and therefore, adapt the power converter to the performance and dynamics required for those systems. In addition, these types of chains can allow bi-directional energy exchange not only among the storage systems on-board but also with ordinary electric grids. In this work, the plug-in vehicle has a modular topology where different solutions for the battery-power converter-electric machine chain of a plug-in electric vehicle are possible to be simulated. The system integrates ultracapacitors and batteries to store energy on-board. Among the sub-systems onboard, the batteries — AC grid connection has a significant contribution improving the modularity and efficiency of such systems. In this paper, aspects of the simulation model and results of a solution for this electric chain allowing bi-directional power flow and using different types of batteries (state of charge curves tested in the laboratory) is presented and analyzed.