Lex Ferenda: Direct Extraterritoriality

C. Blattner
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Abstract

This chapter takes a critical positivist approach to exploring lex ferenda options to protect animals abroad, uncovering new applications of the passive personality principle, the universality principle, and the effects principle. Because the law of jurisdiction developed over centuries without considering animals, it does not meet the specific demands of animal law, conceptually and morally. The author offers a new application of the passive personality principle, arguing that animals should have functional nationality, like ships and corporations, that establishes a jurisdictional link to their home state. On this basis, a state can broadly and unequivocally protect its national animals abroad. The chapter next shows how the universality principle can, in the future, prohibit the most egregious crimes against animals that now escape every state’s jurisdiction (like illegal wildlife trafficking). Finally, arguments for a noneconomic version of the effects principle in animal law are explored.
直接治外法权
本章采用批判实证主义的方法,探索在国外对动物保护的法律选项,揭示被动人格原则、普遍性原则和效果原则的新应用。因为几个世纪以来,司法权法的发展没有考虑到动物,它在概念上和道德上都不符合动物法的具体要求。作者提出了被动人格原则的一种新应用,认为动物应该具有功能性国籍,就像船舶和公司一样,建立与其母国的管辖权联系。在此基础上,一个国家可以广泛而明确地保护其在国外的国家动物。下一章展示了普适性原则如何在未来禁止那些现在逃脱了每个国家管辖范围的针对动物的最恶劣的罪行(比如非法野生动物贩运)。最后,对动物法中效果原则的非经济版本进行了探讨。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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