Phylogeny of Kemenyan Toba (Styrax sumatrana) Inferred from trnL-trnF Chloroplast DNA Sequence

Abstract

Styrax sumatrana is a member of genus styrax that cultivated by local comunities in North Sumatra due to its higher rosin and cinnamic acid content compared to others. This species is widely distributed in Tapanuli Utara, Pakpak Bharat, and Humbang Hasundutan District. The information on Styrax sumatrana molecular phylogeny in North Sumatra has not determinet yet, whereas it is important for future breeding and conservation efforts. Therefore, this research was conducted to determined the phylogenetic relationship Styrax sumatrana in North Sumatra and other member of genus Styrax in the world. The material for genetic analysis were leaves sample from 10 individuals and collected from Humbang Hasundutan, Tapanuli Utara, and Pakpak Bharat. Samples then extracted by using CTAB (Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide) method. DNA amplification was perform using PCR with annealing temperature 50°C. Sequence data analysis was conducted by using BioEdit software and phylogenetic tree construction was using Mega 5.05. The results showed that 3 sampled populations of S. sumatrana were grouped into four haplotypes. Phylogenetic tree analysis result showed that Styrax sumatrana has the closest relationship with Styrax suberifolius and Styrax chinensis, both are Chinese kemenyan species, with 63% bootstrap value.