Adjunctive antibiotic therapy in cases of periodontitis and peri-implantitis

Abstract

Introduction Periodontitis and peri-implantitis are plaque-induced diseases, which are associated with certain bacteria. The conventional treatment aims primarily at tooth or implant surface debridement. In certain cases, surgical therapy is necessary. To improve the outcome of the treatment, systemic or topical antibiotics could be considered. Aim The aim of this review is to investigate the effect of the adjunctive systemically or topically delivered antibiotics on the outcome of the periodontitis and peri-implantitis treatment. Materials and Methods Articles related to the topic were searched in the PubMed database. Articles published from 2000 to 2019, only in English language, were included in the review. The search was conducted with a variety of keywords in different combinations being used. These were: “periodontitis”, “peri-implantitis”, “antibiotic”, “local”, “metronidazole”, “amoxicillin”, “azithromycin”, “tetracycline”. Results Forty-seven articles were included in the review. The selected articles described the adjunctive systemic and/or local delivery of metronidazole, azithromycin, the combination of metronidazole and amoxicillin and some representatives of the tetracycline group, such as doxycycline and minocycline in cases of periodontitis and peri-implantitis. Conclusion The adjunctive systemic and topical antibiotic therapy could benefit the outcome of periodontitis and peri-implantitis treatment.