Estimates of Amplitude Characteristics of Tsunami Wave Run-Up in Various Areas of the Black Sea Coast

A. Y. Belokon
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Abstract

This paper is devoted to computational modelling of tsunami wave propagation and runup to the shore for some points on the Russian, Turkish, Bulgarian and Ukrainian coasts of the Black Sea. The nonlinear long wave model was used to solve the problem of wave propagation from hydrodynamic tsunami sources, which can constitute the greatest potential danger for the studied coast areas. The hydrodynamic sources were set in the form of an elliptical elevation, the parameters of which were chosen according to the sea level response to an underwater earthquake of magnitude 7. All the sources were located in seismically active areas, where tsunamigenic earthquakes had already occurred, along the 1500 m isobath. Near each of the studied points in the area above 300 m depths, we calculated marigrams, i.e. time-series of sea level fluctuations caused by the passage of waves. Then, a one-dimensional problem of tsunami propagation and run-up on the coast was solved for each of the points under study, where the obtained marigrams were used as boundary conditions. Peculiarities of tsunami wave propagation have been shown depending on the bottom and land relief in the studied areas of the Black Sea. Estimates have been obtained of the sea level maximum rise and fall during surge and subsequent coastal drainage for the characteristic scales of relief irregularity at different points. For possible tsunamigenic earthquakes, the largest splashes may occur in the region of Yalta (2.15 m), Cide (1.9 m), Sevastopol (1.4 m), and Anapa (1.4 m). Tsunami propagation in the Feodosiya and Varna coastal areas is qualitatively similar, with maximum wave heights of 0.64 m and 0.46 m, respectively. The coastlines of Evpatoriya (0.33 m) and Odessa (0.26 m) are least affected by tsunami waves due to the extended shelf.
黑海沿岸不同地区海啸波浪上升幅度特征的估计
本文研究了黑海沿岸俄罗斯、土耳其、保加利亚和乌克兰沿岸某些点的海啸波传播和向海岸上升的计算模型。采用非线性长波模型求解了水动力海啸源的波浪传播问题,这是研究区最大的潜在危险。水动力源以椭圆高程的形式设置,其参数根据7级水下地震的海平面响应选择。所有震源都位于沿1500米等深线发生过海啸地震的地震活跃区。在300 m深度以上区域的每个研究点附近,我们计算了格点图,即波浪通过引起的海平面波动的时间序列。然后,对每个研究点求解海啸在海岸上的传播和上升的一维问题,并将得到的图作为边界条件。在黑海所研究的海域中,海啸波传播的特殊性取决于海底和陆地的起伏程度。根据不同地形起伏度的特征尺度,估计了浪涌期和随后的海岸排水期间海平面的最大升降。对于可能的海啸性地震,最大的飞溅可能发生在雅尔塔(2.15 m), Cide (1.9 m),塞瓦斯托波尔(1.4 m)和阿纳帕(1.4 m)地区。Feodosiya和Varna沿海地区的海啸传播性质相似,最大波高分别为0.64 m和0.46 m。埃夫帕托里亚(0.33米)和敖德萨(0.26米)的海岸线受海啸波的影响最小,因为延伸的大陆架。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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