Association Between Costo-iliac Distance /Arm Span Ratio and Lumber Height and its Relation with Osteoporosis in a Group of Egyption Post-menopausal Women

Abstract

Background Osteoporosis is a common condition in the older female population, with an incidence of 15% in women over 50 years of age. Prevalence in the 80to 89 -year-old age group is approximately 48% in the United States 1 . In Egypt, calculation shows that 53.9% of postmenopausal women have osteopenia and 28.4% have osteoporosis. As 26% of men have osteopenia and 21.9% have osteoporosis 2 , osteoporosis is projected to impact approximately 14 million adults over the age of 50 by the year 2020. Osteoporotic fractures are associated with increased mortality and major morbidity, including loss of independence, reduced function and mortality, pain, kyphosis and respiratory compromise 3 . Although the mortality rate associated with hip fractures is higher, vertebral fracture is associated with substantial morbidity, including chronic back pain, reduced truncal postural flexion, restricted movement and increased risk of falls 4 . The gold standard for the diagnosis of osteoporosis is dual-energy absorptiometry (DXA) 5 . Abstract