Overview of trends and prospects of electric transport development in the EU and assessment of economic / «climate» efficiency of electromob operation

System Research in Energy Pub Date : 2022-12-27 DOI:10.15407/srenergy2022.02.013

N. Ivanenko

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Abstract

The share of electric vehicles in the world's total vehicle fleet is growing rapidly, given the urgency of global climate change and the limited resources of fossil fuels. Another important aspect is the impact of the electric vehicles use on the functioning of power systems, for example for voltage regulation, which is important for the functioning of the UES of Ukraine against the background of declining electricity consumption. It should be noted that important feature of EV is the opportunity to change charging consumption during the day. It is possible to remove charging consumption to the night time due to different regulatory and/or stipulating measures. Certain advantages and disadvantages of EV are identified, which allows making an informed choice. In particular, the biggest advantages are the economic and «climatic» efficiency of their operation, and the biggest disadvantages are the high cost of EV and batteries, as well as the limited infrastructure of charging stations. Given technological progress, many shortcomings are becoming less significant. The aim of the article is to analyze the state and prospects of development of the electric car fleet in the EU, as well as to assess the environmental and «climatic» efficiency of EV operation per 1 km. A method for assessing the environmental and «climatic» efficiency of operation of electric vehicles per 1 km is proposed, which allows to determine in which countries these indicators are more favorable for the development of electric transport, and in which it is necessary to use stimulating legislative measures. An assessment of the environmental and «climatic» efficiency of electric vehicles in the EU are given. It is determined that the environmental efficiency of EV operation in Europe is from 9 to 18 eurocents per 1 km. «Climatic» efficiency of EV operation in Europe is from 5 to 20 g of CO2 per 1 km. For comparison, these figures in Ukraine are 15 eurocents per 1 km and 20 g of CO2 per 1 km. Keywords: sustainable transportation development, electric vehicles, energy efficiency, «climate» efficiency

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概述了欧盟电动交通发展的趋势和前景，并评估了电动交通运营的经济/“气候”效率

考虑到全球气候变化的紧迫性和化石燃料资源的有限性，电动汽车在全球汽车总量中的份额正在迅速增长。另一个重要方面是电动汽车使用对电力系统功能的影响，例如对电压调节的影响，这对于在电力消耗下降的背景下乌克兰UES的功能很重要。值得注意的是，电动汽车的重要特点是有机会在白天改变充电消耗。由于不同的监管和/或规定措施，有可能取消夜间充电消耗。确定了电动汽车的某些优点和缺点，从而可以做出明智的选择。特别是，最大的优势是其运行的经济和“气候”效率，而最大的缺点是电动汽车和电池的高成本，以及充电站的基础设施有限。鉴于技术的进步，许多缺点正变得不那么重要。本文的目的是分析欧盟电动汽车车队的发展现状和前景，以及评估每1公里电动汽车运行的环境和“气候”效率。提出了一种评估每1公里电动汽车运行的环境和“气候”效率的方法，该方法可以确定哪些国家的这些指标更有利于电动交通的发展，以及有必要使用刺激性立法措施。对欧盟电动汽车的环境和“气候”效率进行了评估。据确定，欧洲电动汽车运营的环境效率为每1公里9至18欧分。在欧洲，电动汽车运行的“气候”效率为每公里排放5至20克二氧化碳。相比之下，乌克兰的这些数字是每公里15欧分，每公里20克二氧化碳。关键词:可持续交通发展，电动汽车，能效，“气候”效率

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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System Research in Energy

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