Testing the reliability and validity of a parenting scale for Indonesia mothers in transnational marriages

Abstract

BACKGROUND In Taiwan, transnational-marriage families face more challenges to childrearing success than their domestic marriage counterparts. The parenting approaches and behaviors of transnational-marriage mothers have yet to be adequately studied, and few quantitative studies have been done. PURPOSE The present study verifies the reliability and validity of the Modified Child Rearing Practice Report (M-CRPR) parenting scale for Indonesian mothers in transnational-marriage families in Taiwan. METHODS Purposive sampling was used to recruit Indonesian mothers in the Kaohsiung and Pingtung. Women who were the primary caregiver of one or more children aged between 3 and 12 years were asked to participate. In-depth interviews were first conducted to determine whether participant experiences fit the M-CRPR concept. A total of 201 qualified women agreed to participate and were asked to respond to the Indonesian-version M-CRPR, produced using a double-translation approach. M-CRPR reliability and validity were subsequently evaluated. RESULTS Factor analysis identified three factor clusters: nurturance (15 items), restrictiveness (14 items), and protection (5 items). The factor loading of each item was between 0.32 and 0.69 and these 3 factors explained 28.13% of total variance. The internal consistency of the Indonesia-version M-CRPR was 0.84 and the ICC was 0.88. CONCLUSIONS The reliability and validity of the Indonesian M-CRPR were both acceptable. This instrument may be used to investigate parenting issues faced by Indonesia mothers in transnational-marriage.