The Dimensions of Allocations of Authority

Abstract

This chapter analyzes the three key dimensions for characterizing the allocation of regulatory authority. The most frequently analyzed dimension, centralization/decentralization, focuses on the scale(s) or level(s) of government-granted jurisdiction. The overlapping/distinct dimension considers the degree of overlap in governmental authority among multiple government bodies with concurrent jurisdictions. Two governmental entities have overlapping jurisdictions only to the extent that both their substantive and functional authority is concurrent. Finally, the coordinated/independent dimension, which uniquely focuses on the interaction between agencies, considers the extent to which authority is exercised independently or in coordination with other governmental entities. Coordination can vary in its degree of hierarchy and in its discretion, duration, frequency, and formality. Each dimension measures a particular component of regulatory authority, with each dimensional pole representing mostly different sets of policies and ultimately values tradeoffs over the appropriate design for managing social problems. The chapter thus explores the potential advantages and disadvantages of situating or shifting agency authority at each end of the spectrum represented by each dimension.