Measurement of Compulsory Education Resource Allocation under Population Factors in China

Abstract

The high-quality and balanced development of basic compulsory education is of great significance to the country, society and even individuals. The current situation of China's slowing down of social population growth and accelerated aging has brought new challenges to education. Measuring the rationality of education resource allocation from the new perspective of changing population is an indispensable part of optimizing compulsory education reform. From the perspective of time and space, this study collected the education statistics officially released by Chinese government websites in 31 regions in mainland China from 2013 to 2019 and concluded after cleaning, analysis, and modeling. Taking the population structure and quantity as the entry point, this paper firstly uses three-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) to carry out a static analysis on the allocation efficiency of compulsory education resources. The results show that the internal technical management of 20 regions, including Beijing and Hebei, needs to be improved; 5 regions including Inner Mongolia and Hainan can appropriately increase education investment; from the perspective of population, the increase in the number and proportion of students in compulsory education has an inhibitory effect on resource allocation efficiency. Then, the Malmquist index was used to perform a dynamic decomposition of total factor productivity, and it's concluded that the main reason for hindering the sustained and rapid growth of educational resource allocation is the lack of internal refined management. Finally, it is suggested that different regions should improve their internal allocation strategies and increase education investment and enhance science and technology reform respectively in conjunction with the number of in-migrating population.