Non-communicable diseases, medication adherence and social support among elderly medical clinic attendees of the Teaching Hospital, Karapitiya, Sri Lanka

Sudheera Fernando, W. Uluwattage, B. Sirisena, D. Rathish
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Abstract

Introduction: Sri Lankans 60 years and above are among the highest in South Asia and the country's population is fast ageing. This trend would increase the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCD). Objectives: To determine the prevalence of NCD, medication adherence and social support among elders at the medical clinics in Teaching Hospital, Karapitiya, Sri Lanka Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among medical clinic attendees aged 60 years and above. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on demography, NCD, medication adherence and perceived social support. Data were collected from every eighth elderly patient attending the medical clinic on clinic days for a month. Binary logistic regression was performed to determine the significant association between study variables (p<0.05). Results: Data of 459 elders were included for the analysis. Hypertension (76%), diabetes mellitus (44%), ischaemic heart disease (38%), dyslipidaemia (32%), and bronchial asthma (21%) were the top five NCDs observed. High levels of medication adherence and social support were seen only in 24% and 20%, respectively. A significant association for medication adherence was found with social support (p<0.05; Spearman rho 0.09). Conclusions & Recommendations: Hypertension was the most common NCD among the elders. A significant association for medication adherence was found with social support. Hence, medication adherence among elders could be improved by enhancing perceived social support.
斯里兰卡卡拉皮提亚教学医院老年门诊患者的非传染性疾病、服药依从性和社会支持
斯里兰卡60岁及以上人口是南亚人口最多的国家之一,该国人口正在迅速老龄化。这一趋势将增加非传染性疾病的发病率。目的:了解斯里兰卡卡拉皮提亚教学医院门诊老年人非传染性疾病的患病率、服药依从性和社会支持情况。方法:对60岁及以上的门诊患者进行描述性横断面研究。采用自我管理问卷收集人口统计、非传染性疾病、药物依从性和感知社会支持方面的数据。在一个月的门诊日,从每8个到诊所就诊的老年患者中收集数据。采用二元逻辑回归来确定研究变量之间的显著相关性(p<0.05)。结果:纳入459例老年人资料进行分析。高血压(76%)、糖尿病(44%)、缺血性心脏病(38%)、血脂异常(32%)和支气管哮喘(21%)是观察到的前五大非传染性疾病。高水平的药物依从性和社会支持分别仅占24%和20%。药物依从性与社会支持显著相关(p<0.05;斯皮尔曼ρ 0.09)。结论与建议:高血压是老年人最常见的非传染性疾病。药物依从性与社会支持有显著关联。因此,可以通过增强感知社会支持来改善老年人的药物依从性。
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