A Novel Moore Fractal Shaped Microwave Resonator for liquids characterizations

Abstract

This work presents a microwave resonator based on Moore Metamaterial (MTM) fractal geometry which is used for liquids characterizations. The proposed design occupies a compact size of 50×50×1.6 mm3 and is imprinted on a low-cost FR4 substrate. The fourth iteration order of the Moore fractal is directly loaded to a 50 Ω transmission line. Also, a T-resonator is connected with the transmission line between the Moore loads on the two sides. The transmission line is defected with two gaps from the region of the fractal connection. The resulted structure is found to be operated at 0.8 GHz. To optimize the proposed sensor performance, a parametric study is invoked based on CST MWS numerical simulation software package. The performance of the proposed resonator in terms of S11 and S21 are evaluated numerically. For liquids characterizations purposes, a pair of pans is printed on the proposed resonator surface from the same material of the substrate. Therefore, three different pans pairs are induced to realize the best fit for the proposed applications with minimum effects on the original performance of the proposed resonator. It is found the minimum effects could happen to the proposed resonator when the pans are shaped as whittle geometry. The measured resonant frequency shift is before and after adding the pans is found about 140 MHz. Moreover, it is concluded that the proposed resonator based whittle pans are the best candidate among other suggested geometries for fluid identification. Finally, the proposed resonator is fabricated, the experimentally results are found to agree very well with the simulation results.