A Blueprint for the Future Development of Psychotherapy

E. Gutiérrez, Carlos Libisch, O. Carrera
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Abstract

A dispassionate view of psychotherapy, leaving aside allegiances to particular schools, reveals it is extremely uncommon to find clear differences in efficacy between diverse treatment approaches (Luborsky et al., 2002). Even worse, when active treatments are compared to structurally equivalent placebos, only negligible effects are obtained in comparison to former treatments (Baskin, Tierney, Minami & Wampold, 2003). A plausible explanation for the apparent similarity in efficacy of different treatments is the existence of underlying common factors shared by all treatments which is ultimately responsible for the purported equivalence attained by different therapeutic approaches (Frank & Frank, 1993). This shared equivalence has been recently reinforced by the literature on placebo, and particularly research using neuroimaging techniques showing how patients’ expectancies interact with the clinical setting stimulating the rewarding brain circuitry.
心理治疗未来发展蓝图
抛开对特定学派的忠诚,对心理治疗的客观看法表明,在不同的治疗方法之间发现明显的疗效差异是极其罕见的(Luborsky et al., 2002)。更糟糕的是,当将积极治疗与结构等效的安慰剂进行比较时,与之前的治疗相比,只有微不足道的效果(Baskin, Tierney, Minami & Wampold, 2003)。对于不同治疗在疗效上的明显相似性,一个合理的解释是,所有治疗都存在潜在的共同因素,这些因素最终导致了不同治疗方法所达到的所谓的等效性(Frank & Frank, 1993)。最近,关于安慰剂的文献,特别是使用神经成像技术的研究,证明了患者的期望如何与临床环境相互作用,从而刺激了有益的大脑回路,从而加强了这种共享的等效性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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