Recent Advances in Facial Image Identification

Abstract

This paper reviewed recent advances in facial image identification from the forensic aspects. Although literatures reviewed included mathematics and computer engineering fields, anthropological techniques were mainly described. Facial image identification is generally attempted using three methods: morphological comparison of facial features, facial image anthropometry and face-to-face superimposition. The most commonly employed method in actual caseworks is morphological comparison based on surface anatomy, followed by anthropometrical analysis and then face-to-face superimposition. The current technique using a 2D/3D facial image superimposition was introduced and its advantage and disadvantage were described. The evaluation of reliability in facial image identification including expert opinions was discussed, along with some problems of facial images submitted as evidential samples.