Advancements in MIMO antenna systems

Abstract

Multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) technology is currently used in fourthgeneration (4G) wireless systems because they can provide higher data rates at fixed power and bandwidth levels when compared to their single-input-singleoutput conventional counterparts. MIMO-enabled systems require the integration of multiple antenna elements operating at the same band to provide higher data throughput. The design of such antenna solutions is a challenging task especially for small form factor devices where the space is limited and the antennas are placed close to one another. Such close placement of antennas with respect to one another will increase the port coupling between adjacent antennas as well as radiated field coupling, thus degrading the efficiency as well as increasing field correlation. This will affect the overall improvement in the data rates (channel capacity) expected. In this chapter, we will go over the latest advancements in MIMO antenna system designs for 4G and the anticipated 5G wireless standard and will highlight various challenges that can be encountered and provide the solutions to overcome them.