Real-time evaluation of transient response of arterial wall elasticity to administration of nitroglycerine

H. Kanai, Y. Koiwa
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Abstract

The authors previously (1996, 1997) developed a new method, the phased tracking method, for accurately tracking the movement of the heart wall and arterial wall based on both the phase and magnitude of the demodulated signals to determine the instantaneous position of an object. With this method, the local change in wall thickness during one heartbeat can be determined. They have now developed a real-time system for continuously measuring the change in thickness of the myocardium and arterial wall. In this system, four high-speed digital signal processing chips are employed for realizing the initially developed method in real time. The tracking results for both sides of the wall are superimposed on the M (motion)-mode image. The change in thickness of the arterial wall as small as several micrometers can be successfully detected in real time with good reproducibility. The elasticity of the arterial wall is derived from the blood pressure. In in vivo experiments, the rapid response of the change in wall thickness of the carotid artery to the administration of nitroglycerine (NTG) is evaluated for a young healthy subject and a young smoker. When the change in thickness is plotted against the simultaneously measured pressure, such curves also change due to the administration of NTG. This is shown every 35 seconds after the administration. This new real-time system offers potential for quantitative diagnosis of early-stage atherosclerosis by evaluation of the rapid response of the cardiovascular system to NTG.
硝酸甘油对动脉壁弹性瞬态反应的实时评价
作者之前(1996,1997)开发了一种新的方法,即相位跟踪法,该方法基于解调信号的相位和幅度来精确跟踪心壁和动脉壁的运动,以确定物体的瞬时位置。利用这种方法,可以确定一次心跳期间局部壁厚的变化。他们现在已经开发出一种实时系统,可以连续测量心肌和动脉壁厚度的变化。在该系统中,采用了4个高速数字信号处理芯片来实时实现初步开发的方法。将墙体两侧的跟踪结果叠加在M(运动)模式图像上。动脉壁厚度的变化小至几微米,可成功实时检测,重现性好。动脉壁的弹性来源于血压。在体内实验中,评估了年轻健康受试者和年轻吸烟者的颈动脉壁厚度变化对硝酸甘油(NTG)施用的快速反应。当厚度的变化与同时测量的压力相对应时,由于NTG的使用,这些曲线也会发生变化。在给药后每35秒显示一次。这种新的实时系统通过评估心血管系统对NTG的快速反应,为早期动脉粥样硬化的定量诊断提供了潜力。
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