Introduction to palliative care

S. Salt
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Abstract

Palliative care shifts the focus of care from managing the underlying pathophysiological processes to one that looks at the individual and the impact of life-threatening illness on them and those important to them. It aims to prevent and relieve suffering by means of early identification, assessment, and treatment of pain and other problems, physical, psychosocial, and spiritual. It focuses on interventions which might improve an individual’s quality of life rather than alter the underlying disease process, and routinely extends support to those important to the individual both during that individual’s lifetime and into bereavement. Challenges to the provision of effective palliative care include prognostic uncertainty, the necessity for engaging in difficult conversations, and the need to deal with a variety of ethical issues.
姑息治疗导论
姑息治疗将护理的重点从管理潜在的病理生理过程转移到关注个人以及危及生命的疾病对他们和对他们重要的人的影响。它旨在通过早期识别、评估和治疗身体、社会心理和精神上的疼痛和其他问题来预防和减轻痛苦。它侧重于可能改善个人生活质量的干预措施,而不是改变潜在的疾病过程,并定期向在个人一生和丧失亲人期间对个人重要的人提供支持。提供有效的姑息治疗面临的挑战包括预后的不确定性,参与困难对话的必要性,以及处理各种伦理问题的必要性。
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