Hydrogen Flow Control for a Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicle Using Anfis and Fuzzy Logic Controller

Abstract

The traditional internal combustion engine may be replaced with an electric motor to reduce CO2 emissions from cars locally and to fight climate change. Purely electrochemical storage in batteries and chemical storage in hydrogen with later conversion to electrical energy via a fuel cell stack are the two most beneficial options for storing the necessary electrical power in the vehicle. Both variants may be combined with a fuel cell range extender in a battery-electric vehicle, which can be refuelled either electrically or with hydrogen. The air compressor, a critical component of a PEM fuel cell system in a performance improvement to satisfy the vehicle's power requirements under different driving conditions, lowers the fuel cell's equivalent fuel consumption and improves the overall efficiency of energy storage systems. This study using SimPowerSystems software employs conventional PID and intelligent global optimization techniques to determine the optimum power distribution between the Fuel cell system FCS and the energy secondary source ESS for a particular road route (FUZZY and ANFIS). Study results must provide appropriate driving comfort (speeds, accelerations) while not penalizing the vehicle's energy performance. Finally, the results demonstrate that the suggested method (ANFIS) outperforms the conventional PID controller and FLC in many areas essential in a closed-loop control system of a hybrid model in an electric vehicle.