مصطلح الخِصَام في القرآن الكريم دراسة دلاليَّة موضوعيَّة

Abstract

This article aims to examine the term al-khiṣām (dispute) in the Holy Quran. This qualitative study uses the inductive and deductive approaches to extract dispute terms in the Holy Qu'ran. This approach enables to explain considerable dispute meanings, its concept and regulations revealed in the Holy Qu'ran. Hence, through the study of ontological concept, it can encompass many significations of the term dispute in the manner of arguments or disputes among different groups of belief or the exertion of each group in attempt to succeed the dispute. In addition, this study discovers certain regulations in disagreement or dispute such as the renunciation of dispute without knowledge, the enhancement of evidence in dispute as well as the avoidance of useless argument. Among the findings highlighted are four types of disputes mentioned in the Holy Qur'an; first, Angels dispute before the creation of Adam (Peace be upon him); second, the character of human being is a clear adversary; third, dispute between believers and non-believers; fourth, dispute among non-believers in hell of the Judgment Day.