{"title":"Dual-Satellite Geolocation of Terrestrial GNSS Jammers from Low Earth Orbit","authors":"Zachary Clements, T. Humphreys, P. Ellis","doi":"10.1109/PLANS53410.2023.10140058","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores two-step and direct geolocation of terrestrial Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) jammers from Low Earth Orbit (LEO). Within the past decade, there has been a sharp increase in GNSS outages due to deliberate GNSS jamming. Receivers in LEO are uniquely situated to detect, classify, and geolocate terrestrial GNSS jammers. The conventional two-step geolocation method first estimates the differential delay and differential Doppler, then uses a time history of these to estimate the transmitter location. By contrast, direct geolocation is a single-step search over a geographical grid that enables estimation of the transmitter location directly from the observed signals. Signals from narrowband, matched-code, and chirp jammers recently captured in the GNSS frequency bands by two time-synchronized LEO receivers over the Eastern Mediterranean are analyzed and the emitters geolocated. It is demonstrated that the direct approach is effective even for low signal-to-noise ratio interference signals based on short captures with multiple emitters. Moreover, the direct approach enables geolocation of multiple emitters with cyclostationary signals (e.g., chirp jammers), whereas the two-step method struggles in such cases to associate emitters with their corresponding structures in differential delay and Doppler space.","PeriodicalId":344794,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium (PLANS)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"2023 IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium (PLANS)","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLANS53410.2023.10140058","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This paper explores two-step and direct geolocation of terrestrial Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) jammers from Low Earth Orbit (LEO). Within the past decade, there has been a sharp increase in GNSS outages due to deliberate GNSS jamming. Receivers in LEO are uniquely situated to detect, classify, and geolocate terrestrial GNSS jammers. The conventional two-step geolocation method first estimates the differential delay and differential Doppler, then uses a time history of these to estimate the transmitter location. By contrast, direct geolocation is a single-step search over a geographical grid that enables estimation of the transmitter location directly from the observed signals. Signals from narrowband, matched-code, and chirp jammers recently captured in the GNSS frequency bands by two time-synchronized LEO receivers over the Eastern Mediterranean are analyzed and the emitters geolocated. It is demonstrated that the direct approach is effective even for low signal-to-noise ratio interference signals based on short captures with multiple emitters. Moreover, the direct approach enables geolocation of multiple emitters with cyclostationary signals (e.g., chirp jammers), whereas the two-step method struggles in such cases to associate emitters with their corresponding structures in differential delay and Doppler space.