Evaluation of Infertility

Abstract

In 2009, the World Health Organization formally recognized infertility as a disease of the reproductive system. This designation serves to ease access to infertility evaluation and treatment. Infertility is a disease of both men and women, and proper evaluation of both partners is necessary. Common causes of infertility are ovulatory dysfunction, tubal and pelvic pathology, unexplained infertility, and male factor. A complete history and physical examination may uncover the underlying etiology, although verification of tubal patency and normal semen analysis is warranted. This period also offers an opportunity to perform preconception testing and optimize women’s health before conception. Treatment for infertility is aimed to restore normal reproductive function and anatomy. In addition, patient education and counseling is indeed a very important aspect of infertility care. This review contains 5 figures, 5 tables and 60 references Key Words: anovulation, Antimullerian hormone, antral follicle count, hysterosalpingogram, infertility, infertility evaluation, ovarian reserve testing, polycystic ovarian syndrome, saline infusion sonohysterography