Increasing the Safety of Tank Battery Operation by the Introduction of an Automated System for Monitoring Leakages and Leak Detection

Abstract

Book DOI: 10.21467/abstracts.93 of the least safe and unreliable elements (facilities). Exactly at the stage of accident occurrence, i.e. before destruction or depressurization of technological system elements, timely taken measures and qualified actions of service personnel are really capable to localize the accident without undesirable consequences. At each subsequent stage of accident development, the efficiency of actions of the maintenance personnel on its localization decreases and the range of possible undesirable consequences expands. The most dangerous accidents in terms of the volume of material damage is a fire with depressurization of the full 10000 m3 tank: the mass of oil spill may reach 6880.7 tons, the amount of damage from the accident will be 328762 thousand rubles; the probability of implementing this scenario 2.40·10-5 1/year. The most dangerous accident on social losses is a fire-flash with full depressurization of the tank: the radius of the influence zone of high-temperature combustion products is up to 283.86 m, the value of damage from the accident will make 337355 thousand rubles; the probability of realization of this scenario is 9.22·10-61/year. Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of the facility it is necessary to carry out an assessment of fire risk and, in particular, an assessment of individual risk of the personnel servicing the TB[1]. Individual risk to site workers is a probability of death as a result of exposure to the hazards of a fire or explosion. The probability of the presence of a person at a given location is taken into account. This distribution can be obtained from equipment maintenance and bypass schedules, etc. Thus, the area located near each tank is characterized by a staff presence time of 20 minutes per week (0.048 h). Based on data on potential fire risk and the probability of human presence, the individual fire risk for personnel is calculated. [2] If the resulting accident is detected in a timely manner adequate measures can be taken to localize the accident and take people who are not involved in its liquidation from the zone of possible damage. There are a number of wall structures at the facilities that limit the drift of oil and oil products vapors (tank batteries dykes). In order to develop measures aimed at reducing human losses, material and environmental damage, it is necessary to forecast possible emergency situations. As solutions to minimize the development of hazardous situations caused by the violation of the VST operation technology or partial/complete destruction of the tank with the spillage of the product, it is proposed to equip all VST with ASRLD, the complex of which in the process of operation minimizes the time of service personnel presence in the potential risk zone. Thus, improvement of the existing automated system of TB with systems proposed in the work will reduce the personnel risk during the operation of TB by removing personnel from the risk zone, reducing the impact of "human factor", that is reduce the number of errors and unauthorized interference to the work of operational personnel. References [1] Polyuhovich, M.A. (2018). Sovershenstvovanie sistemy upravleniya promyshlennoj bezopasnost'yu opasnogo proizvodstvennogo ob"ekta [Improvement of the industrial safety management system at a hazardous production facility]. Master'sthesis. Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint-Petersburg, 2018 (in Russian); [2] Sedov, D.V. (2016). Osobennosti raschetnogo opredeleniya velichiny individual'nogo pozharnogo riska dlya personala neftenalivnogo rezervuarnogo parka [Features of the calculated determination of the individual fire risk value for the personnel of the oil tank farm]. Tekhnosfernaya bezopasnost' [Technosphere security], 2016 (3), 114-125 (in Russian).