Household Electricity Cost Optimization with Vehicle-to-Home Technology and Mixed-Integer Linear Programming

Abstract

The electrification of transportation is crucial for the energy transition and electric vehicles (EVs) have benefits beyond reducing emissions. EVs can aid in demand response and be used for vehicle-to-grid (V2G) or vehicle-to-home (V2H) operations, which can enhance power grid stability and provide economic advantages for EV owners during times of high electricity demand or prices. This study evaluates the economic benefits of V2H technology for detached households with varying primary heating sources, using mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) and real-world data. Based on the results, V2H can provide significant savings for households regardless of building primary heating source.