Modeling and Implementation of Grid Following and Grid Forming Inverters

Abstract

An efficient way to lessen the burden on the grid is by deploying micro-grids to offer local power to consumers. The issues associated by such micro-grids are power quality, load sharing, synchronization and operating the distributed generators in grid forming and grid following converters. In this work, modelling and implementation of grid following mode and grid forming mode of converters along with the phase locked loop, filter and controller are done. This paper presents an approach for controlling the power between DC source and utility grid, and vice verse. In both the type of modes, the modeled approach provides accurate active power, reactive power, phase angle, frequency, voltage and current waveform. The motive of this work is to explain the two operating modes of the inverter in a lucid manner for the researchers. This modeling is essential for the researchers to easily understand about the grid following and grid forming operating mode of the converters. A grid-connected inverter for distributed generation is modeled and it is presented in a simpler fashion so that the researcher can understand and implement both the fundamental idea behind the grid-connected inverter's component parts and how they work together as an unit. Both grid-forming and grid-following modes of operation are modelled and implemented in MATLAB R2021a.