Electromagnetic Field Effects on Cardiac Pacemaker Near Railway Environment

Abstract

Electric trains transport people and goods around the world. Complex environments exposed people to electromagnetic (EM) fields, especially in train stations. Malaysia’s railway system is expanding, especially in Klang Valley. The EM interference near railroads is the main concern. This paper predicts cardiac pacemaker EM-field through calculation and measurement in a railway environment. A spectrum analyzer, a loop antenna, and a tri-log antenna were used to conduct the measurements at 9 kHz to 1 GHz. The Highest radiation level measured was 111.14 dBuV/m at 84 kHz, below cardiac pacemaker limit. Thus, pacemaker-wearing railroad passengers face no significant risks.