Ganho de peso e alterações metabólicas em camundongos submetidos à dieta hiperlipídica

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of high fat diet in the induction of obesity and glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in C57BL/6 mice. Materials and Methods: Animals were organized into two groups, totalizing 19 C57BL/6 mice: control group (commercial diet; n=9) and experimental group (high fat diet; n=10). Food intake and weight gain were measured during 12 weeks and Food Efficiency Coefficient (FEC) and Aterogenic Index were calculated. The Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (TOTG) was performed, the glycemic curve was constructed and the area under the curve (AUC) was verified. Liver and adipose tissue (AT) sites were dissected and histological analysis of the liver and epididymal adipose tissue were performed. The Adiposity Index (AI%) was calculated and the concentration of total cholesterol, its fractions, glucose and serum triglycerides were measured. Results: The experimental group presented lower food intake (p<0.001) and higher total weight gain (p=0.001) and FEC (p<0.001). It was observed in the experimental group an increase in the epididymal (p<0.001), retroperitoneal (p<0.001), mesenteric (p=0.002), perirenal AT (p=0.012), total fat (p <0.001) and AI% (p<0.001). Total cholesterol was higher in the experimental group (p=0.025) and the HDL lower in the control group (p=0.005). The adipocyte area of the experimental group was also higher than the control group (p=0.049). In the other parameters there was no significant difference between groups. Conclusion: This model induced obesity in a short period of time and promoted increased visceral adiposity with a low-cost diet. Further studies are needed to improve its efficiency and to completely change blood lipids and glycemia in C57BL/6 mice.