Evaluation of Hematological Parameters in two Different Species Trout Exposed to Chlorpyrifos

Abstract

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is intensively used pesticide based on organophosphate insecticide. CPF includes a phosphor thiol functional moiety, has been broadly used in agricultural applies to increase crop yields [1-2]. It was shown that CPF was the pollutants in surface and ground water of many countries. Furthermore, CPF has also been detected in many aquatic ecosystems, including natural and urban streams, rivers and lakes [3]. CPF is very toxic for fish even at low concentrations [4]. Therefore, fish and aquatic organisms and water ecosystems are negatively affecting the balance. There are many studies on the adverse effects of CPF toxicity in fish [5-6-7]. Fish have proved to be good models to evaluate the toxicity and effects of contaminants in previous studies. Rainbow trout and brown trout are an economically important fish species, commonly found in rivers and Dam Lake in Turkey and considered as a potential bio indicator species [8]. Exposure of fish to various chemicals can cause changes in various hematological parameters [9]. Examination of the hematological parameters of organism in studies carried out in order to determine toxic effects is important for achieving correct knowledge [8-10]. Hematology is a science that not only gives information about fish diseases but also determines the effects of nutrition and environmental factors. Fish affects all kinds of stresses, diseases, nutritional deficiencies, toxic substances, changes in water quality and other environmental factors [11]. Hematological parameters are very important diagnosis of diseases. Erythrocyte and leukocyte counts, hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelet counts can easily respond to determining stress caused by environmental pollutants. The measurement of hematological changes in the blood has an important role in predicting the toxic effects of toxic substances [12]. The study of hematology parameters in fishes has been widely used for the detection of physio pathological alterations in different conditions of stress. Consequently, in the present investigation an effort has been made to study the effect of CPF on alterations in hematological parameters of rainbow trout and brown trout to the same stressor were compared.