The Natural Sciences

P. Kitcher
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Abstract

Part II of the book takes up questions of curriculum, beginning with the natural sciences. The aim throughout Part II is to identify what all students should share. The sciences bring material benefits, not only to the societies out of which new research comes but also to the entire human population. Hence it is important to train young people who can build on past achievements to make new advances in the future. Scientific education is not merely for the few who fill this important role, or even for the larger number who will draw on established science in their daily employment. The results of science should be as widely available as possible, not simply because of the intrinsic value of understanding but, more importantly, because policy debates often turn on scientific details. General education in science should preserve the curiosity most children have, and instill scientific literacy. The chapter argues that this is best done by distinguishing the curriculum for specialists from a broad general education in science, and it formulates concrete proposals for how this might be achieved.
自然科学
本书的第二部分讨论课程问题,从自然科学开始。整个第二部分的目的是确定所有学生应该分享什么。科学不仅给产生新研究成果的社会带来物质利益,也给全人类带来物质利益。因此,培养能够在过去成就的基础上在未来取得新进步的年轻人是很重要的。科学教育不仅仅是为少数承担这一重要角色的人提供的,也不仅仅是为那些在日常工作中利用现有科学的大多数人提供的。科学的结果应该尽可能广泛地提供,这不仅仅是因为理解的内在价值,更重要的是,因为政策辩论往往依赖于科学细节。普通科学教育应该保持大多数孩子的好奇心,并逐渐灌输科学素养。本章认为,要做到这一点,最好将专家课程与广泛的普通科学教育区分开来,并就如何实现这一目标提出了具体建议。
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