Spatial Visualisation of Ethnic Structure Changes in the Apuseni Mountains (Romania) 1880–2011

Mădălin-Sebastian Lung, G. Muresan
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Abstract

This study aims to present a comparative analysis of the ethnic structure of the population in the Apuseni Mountains (in Romania) during three censuses: in 1880, 1930, and 2011. It emphasises ethnicity continuities and discontinuities, as well as the historical moments that left their mark on that evolution. Statistical data were processed, resulting in the tables showing the ethnic structure of the Apuseni, with absolute as well as relative (percentage) values for each ethnic group. Data were also processed with the aid of ArcGIS 10.3, generating maps of the territorial distribution of the ethnic groups for each administrative-territorial unit. The results show that Romanians maintained their continuity in the mountain area, while other ethnicities changed significantly in terms of numbers and percentages of the total population. The Jewish community was persecuted during the Second World War, finding themselves on the brink of disappearance at the 2011 census. German communities suffered from the socialist policies of deportation to the Soviet Union and other states. Slovaks, deeply affected by industrial restructuring, began to emigrate after the fall of communism in 1989. The most dynamic ethnic group are the Roma, who, according to the censuses, continuously increased in number and percentage.
阿普塞尼山脉(罗马尼亚)1880-2011民族结构变化的空间可视化
本研究旨在对1880年、1930年和2011年三次人口普查期间,罗马尼亚阿普塞尼山脉(Apuseni Mountains)人口的种族结构进行比较分析。它强调种族的连续性和非连续性,以及在这种演变中留下印记的历史时刻。对统计数据进行了处理,得出了显示阿普塞尼人族裔结构的表格,其中有每个族裔群体的绝对值和相对(百分比)值。数据还在ArcGIS 10.3软件的帮助下进行处理,生成各行政领土单位各民族的领土分布图。结果表明,罗马尼亚人在山区保持了连续性,而其他民族在人口总数和占总人口的百分比方面发生了重大变化。犹太社区在第二次世界大战期间受到迫害,在2011年的人口普查中发现自己处于消失的边缘。德国社区受到驱逐到苏联和其他国家的社会主义政策的影响。斯洛伐克人深受工业结构调整的影响,在1989年共产主义垮台后开始移民。最有活力的民族是罗姆人,根据人口普查,他们的人数和百分比不断增加。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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