{"title":"Facial Profile and Characteristics of Occlusal Features in Primary Dentition among Children Aged 2-5 Years in Southern Nigeria","authors":"P. Ogordi","doi":"10.4314/njdr.v8i2.3","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess the facial profile and characteristic features of occlusion in primary dentition among paediatric dental patients in a teaching hospital in Southern Nigeria. \nMethods: A cross-sectional study comprising 224 children aged 2 to 5 years who visited the paediatric dental clinic over one year with the full complements of their primary dentition. All the children were screened for molar and canine relations, overjet, overbite, anthropoid and developmental spaces, as well as their facial profiles, and the data were recorded. Data were analyzed using statistical software (SPSS version 21.0, Chicago). The Chi-square test analyzed categorical data with a level of significance for all statistical tests set at a probability value of less than 0.05. \nResults: Bilateral flush terminal plane molar relationship was the most prevalent in 126(56%), followed by the mesial step 84(37.5%). Molar relationship and gender were statistically significant (P= 0.001). Bilateral canine class I was the most common relationship in 189(84.4%), bilateral normal overjet in 191(85.3%) and bilateral normal overbite in 183(81.7%). The majority of the developmental spaces were in the maxilla 136(60.7%) and mostly among males (69%); this was statistically significant (p=0.023). Anthropoid spaces were most prevalent in the maxilla 198(88.4%) and among males (94%), which was statistically significant (p=0.019). Straight facial profile was the most common profile 147(65.6%), although more in males (67%), it was not statistically significant (p=0.823). \nConclusion: The study's most prevalent facial and occlusal characteristics were the straight facial profile, bilateral flush terminal relationship, class 1 canine, normal overjet, normal overbite, and maxillary anthropoid and developmental spaces. Revealed in this study were mostly desirable occlusal features but with some occlusal characteristics that deviate from the norm. \n","PeriodicalId":155489,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Dental Research","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Nigerian Journal of Dental Research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njdr.v8i2.3","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objective: To assess the facial profile and characteristic features of occlusion in primary dentition among paediatric dental patients in a teaching hospital in Southern Nigeria.
Methods: A cross-sectional study comprising 224 children aged 2 to 5 years who visited the paediatric dental clinic over one year with the full complements of their primary dentition. All the children were screened for molar and canine relations, overjet, overbite, anthropoid and developmental spaces, as well as their facial profiles, and the data were recorded. Data were analyzed using statistical software (SPSS version 21.0, Chicago). The Chi-square test analyzed categorical data with a level of significance for all statistical tests set at a probability value of less than 0.05.
Results: Bilateral flush terminal plane molar relationship was the most prevalent in 126(56%), followed by the mesial step 84(37.5%). Molar relationship and gender were statistically significant (P= 0.001). Bilateral canine class I was the most common relationship in 189(84.4%), bilateral normal overjet in 191(85.3%) and bilateral normal overbite in 183(81.7%). The majority of the developmental spaces were in the maxilla 136(60.7%) and mostly among males (69%); this was statistically significant (p=0.023). Anthropoid spaces were most prevalent in the maxilla 198(88.4%) and among males (94%), which was statistically significant (p=0.019). Straight facial profile was the most common profile 147(65.6%), although more in males (67%), it was not statistically significant (p=0.823).
Conclusion: The study's most prevalent facial and occlusal characteristics were the straight facial profile, bilateral flush terminal relationship, class 1 canine, normal overjet, normal overbite, and maxillary anthropoid and developmental spaces. Revealed in this study were mostly desirable occlusal features but with some occlusal characteristics that deviate from the norm.
目的:了解尼日利亚南部某教学医院儿科牙科患者初级牙列咬合的面部特征和特征。方法:一项横断面研究,包括224名2至5岁的儿童,他们在一年多的时间里访问了儿科牙科诊所,他们的原牙发育完整。对所有儿童进行磨牙和犬齿关系、复盖、复咬、类人猿和发育空间、面部轮廓等方面的筛查,并记录数据。数据分析采用SPSS version 21.0, Chicago统计软件。卡方检验对分类数据进行分析,所有统计检验的显著性水平设置为概率值小于0.05。结果:126例(56%)以双侧齐平端平面磨牙关系最为常见,其次为中端磨牙84例(37.5%)。磨牙关系和性别有统计学意义(P= 0.001)。189例(84.4%)为双侧犬类,191例(85.3%)为双侧正常复咬,183例(81.7%)为双侧正常复咬。发育空间以上颌骨136(60.7%)居多,雄性居多(69%);这有统计学意义(p=0.023)。类人猿空间以上颌198(88.4%)和男性(94%)最常见,差异有统计学意义(p=0.019)。直脸是最常见的面部特征147(65.6%),尽管男性更多(67%),但无统计学意义(p=0.823)。结论:该研究中最常见的面部和咬合特征是面部轮廓直、双侧冲尖关系、1类犬齿、正常覆盖、正常覆盖、上颌类人猿和发育空间。本研究揭示了大多数理想的咬合特征,但也有一些偏离标准的咬合特征。