THE EVOLUTION OF THE SIMULATED SIGNATURE BY THE FORGER

P. Kipouràs
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Abstract

Forgery is a very common case of Forensic Document Examination which might refer to several further distinctions of expertise between handwriting and signature. The imitation of a signature could come into effect in different methods or ways, depending on the type of document, the forger’s ability and other factors connected to the historical parameters of the case. The ability of the forger to reproduce morphologically the authentic specimen is even related to the range of his graphic variation, his training in forging the specific specimen or other various factors that could affect not only his graphic expression, but also his choices in applying forgery. In cases of long-lastingprofessional collaboration, the imitation of a person’s signature with his consent for a long period of time is a quite often phenomenon. Apart from the legal validity of such signatures, the evolution of the forged signature by the forger is not to be excluded, since the consent deliberates psychologically the forger, diminishes his anxiety and leaves space to a less accurate reproduction of the original specimen. In these cases,there are more parameters to be taken into consideration and the time of habitual execution of the forged signature is crucial, since the repetitive imitation can result in different variations of the original signature’s model. The eventual modifications are studied in a practical case which presents several complications.
伪造者模拟签名的演变
伪造是法医文件检查中非常常见的情况,这可能涉及笔迹和签名之间的专业知识的进一步区分。根据文件的类型、伪造者的能力以及与案件历史参数有关的其他因素,伪造签名可能会以不同的方法或方式产生效果。伪造者在形态上复制真实标本的能力甚至与他的图形变化范围、他伪造特定标本的训练或其他各种因素有关,这些因素不仅会影响他的图形表达,还会影响他在使用伪造时的选择。在长期的专业合作中,在征得他人同意的情况下长时间模仿他人的签名是一种相当常见的现象。除了这些签名的法律效力之外,不能排除伪造者伪造签名的演变,因为同意在心理上考虑了伪造者,减少了他的焦虑,并为原始样本的不太准确的复制留下了空间。在这些情况下,有更多的参数需要考虑,并且伪造签名的习惯性执行时间是至关重要的,因为重复模仿会导致原始签名模型的不同变化。在一个实际案例中研究了最终的修改,其中提出了几个复杂的问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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