A Survey on Energy Efficient Hierarchical Based Routing Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are combination of distributed independent devices, which uses sensors to cooperatively monitor environmental or physical circumstance like pressure, temperature, voice, vibration, motions at different locations. The sensor nodes send the data to base station which is gathered from the field in multi-hop process, where nodes are connected and performing the task. This paper presents an overview of the hierarchical based routing protocols in wireless sensor networks. The broadly used routing protocols are clustering based routing protocol because the data is transferred from one node to another or also from one node to BS using single or multi-hopping. Cluster network has been used for measuring soil parameters such as moisture, temperature, humidity etc. Researchers have realized that wireless sensor networks are most advance technology for the progress of agricultural yield and the monitoring of the health. This paper particularly presents the survey on energy efficiency routing protocols in the field of agriculture using wireless sensor networks.