The effectiveness of the use of biostimulants of growth in the technology of growing spring wheat in the Northern Forest-Steppe

V. Yula, М.О. Drozd
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Abstract

Research goal. Determination of the effectiveness of growth biostimulants in the technology of growing soft spring wheat in the northern forest-steppe of Ukraine to obtain high yield and grain quality. Methods. Field, laboratory research, mathematical and statistical analysis. Results. Under the conditions of the northern forest-steppe of Ukraine the effect of the complex application of elements of adaptive technology of cultivation, in particular, mineral fertilizers, protection system and biostimulants of plant growth on the productivity of soft spring wheat variety Nedra was established.The cultivation technology, which provided for the application of N45P90K90 before sowing and by N45 during IV and VIII stages of organogenesis against the background of ensiling the by-products of predecessor and integrated crop protection in combination with the use of biostimulants in the average years of research, received the highest yield of spring wheat - 4.08 t/ha. Yield increase with this technology compared to the control was 2.03 t/ha. Crude protein content under these growing conditions was 16.3 %, crude gluten – 32.8 %, which corresponds to the 1st class of grain quality according to DSTU 3768: 2019. At low production costs for purchase and application of biostimulants of growth (only 200 UAH/ha) the economic effect of their use varied from 0,85 to 1,6 thousand UAH/ha in different fertilization technologies of growing soft spring wheat of Nedra variety. The cost of 1 ton of grain was reduced by 0,20–0,57 thousand UAH. Conclusions. The average yield increase of spring wheat from biostimulants application was 0.2–0.35 t/ha depending on fertilization level in growing technology. иThe use of biostimulants in combination with mineral fertilizers, to a greater extent, influenced the increase in the weight of 1000 grains. At technology, which provided the introduction of mineral fertilizer in a dose of N45P90K90 before sowing and by N45 on IV and VIII stages of organogenesis on the background of encroaching by-products predecessor and integrated system of protection received the highest economic effect of biostimulants application – 1.6 thousand UAH/ha, for reducing the cost of producing 1 ton of grain at 0.33 thousand UAH.
北方森林草原春小麦种植技术中使用生物促生长剂的效果
研究的目标。测定生长生物刺激剂在乌克兰北部森林草原种植软质春小麦技术中的有效性,以获得高产和优质的粮食。方法。现场,实验室研究,数学和统计分析。结果。在乌克兰北部森林草原条件下,确定了适应性栽培技术要素,特别是矿物肥料、植物生长保护系统和生物刺激素的复合应用对软质春小麦品种Nedra生产力的影响。在平均研究年限内,采用播前施用N45P90K90,器官发生四、八期施用N45,以青贮前代副产物为背景,综合作物保护结合使用生物刺激素的栽培技术,春小麦产量最高,为4.08 t/ha。与对照相比,该技术增产2.03吨/公顷。在这些生长条件下,粗蛋白质含量为16.3%,粗面筋含量为32.8%,符合DSTU 3768: 2019的一级品质标准。在购买和施用生物促生长剂的生产成本较低(仅200 UAH/ha)的情况下,不同施肥技术在种植软质春小麦上的经济效益在0.85 ~ 1.6万UAH/ha之间。每吨粮食成本降低0.20 - 0.57万美元。结论。施用生物刺激素可使春小麦平均增产0.2 ~ 0.35 t/ hm2,不同施肥水平的增产效果不同。иThe生物刺激剂与矿物肥料结合使用,在更大程度上影响了千粒重的增加。在播种前施用N45P90K90,在器官发生第4、8期施用N45的技术中,在侵吞副产物前驱物和综合保护体系的背景下,施用生物刺激素的经济效果最高,为1.6万UAH/ha,以0.33万UAH降低1吨粮食的生产成本。
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