Integrative Psychotherapy with Culturally Diverse Clients

Abstract

When multiple cultural influences are acknowledged, all psychotherapy clients are recognized as culturally unique. Cultural assessment involves understanding the intersecting impact of race/ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, disabilities, and other influences on clients. Case formulation often involves understanding the process of identity development related to important cultural identities. Processes of change include consciousness-raising, catharsis, choosing, and social justice. The therapy relationship can be adapted to the cultural expectations of clients, and differences can be discussed to reduce unintended therapy microaggressions and to repair ruptures. Four types of cultural methods and techniques are presented. In the integrative tradition, psychotherapists are encouraged to think about when to focus on group membership and when to explore the individual meaning of cultural influences.