A GSM/EDGE/WCDMA modulator with on-chip D/A converter for base station

Abstract

A modulator with a 14 b on-chip D/A converter occupies 22.09 mm/sup 2/ in 0.35 μm CMOS technology and dissipates 1.7 W at 3.3 V with a 110 MHz clock. A digital programmable up/down unit enables power ramping on a time-slot basis. The modulator fulfils the spectrum, phase and EVM specifications of GSM, EDGE and WCDMA.